By Bert Roest
The heritage of schooling in the Franciscan order throughout the medieval interval is gifted the following in a brand new mild. This finished quantity bargains a brand new synthesis of Franciscan schooling, exhibiting the dynamic improvement of the Franciscan university community, among the early 13th and the early 16th century.
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Secular schools of theology became rare from the later fourteenth century onwards (in Southern France and Italy, that is). See VERGER, 1978, 203. 128 The Franciscan school in Padua became a degree school when the studium was incorporated in the local theology faculty in 1363. In 1373 the degree status of the Padua studium was officially approved by the general chapter of Toulouse (together with the degree status of Florence, Bologna and Perugia). CONSTITUTIONES TOLOSANENSES (1373), 174b, n. 13.
G. Little suggests that at least the neighbouring order provinces would have received the right to send students de debito to Oxford. LITTLE, 1930, 267-268. The latter would explain the presence of many non-English resident students at the Oxford studium in the course of the fifteenth century. See on such rights also the chapter regulations of Rome (1411) and Florence (1457). 82 In a letter from 1244 or 1250 the Oxford master Adam Marsh commends the student friars Hugo and Jordanus from the Upper Germany province to his superior William of Nottingham.
However, the number of 56 studia in 1488 includes 6 general schools for the study of philosophy. For the difficulties in assessing the actual level of a Franciscan studium, see F. Rotolos attempts to pinpoint the status of the studium of Palermo in the fourteenth and the fifteenth century. ROTOLO, 1995, 19ff, 28-33. 120 TABULAE STUDIORUM (1467 & 1488), 519f. Many of these additional general schools would have been custodial or provincial schools with some interprovincial prestige. Di Fonzo estimates that in 1467 no less than 1318 new students were assigned to the various studia generalia (these included candidates for the lectorate program as well as candidates for the degree program), which amounts to 25-50 students for each province.