By Eric Wajnberg, Carlos Bernstein, Jacques van Alphen
Written through a staff of top foreign experts, Behavioral Ecology of Insect Parasitoids examines the optimum behaviors that parasitoids express with the intention to maximize long-term offspring creation. it really is a vital reference for study scientists and scholars learning those attention-grabbing bugs or for someone keen on utilizing parasitoids in organic regulate courses. experiences topical concerns, together with innovative learn on parasitoid determination making and the results for organic controlExplores purposes in different fields, presents details at the most modern learn equipment, and contains useful case stories and statistical toolsCreates a deeper realizing of the hyperlink among behavioural suggestions and host mortality, leading to extra effective selective pest administration programs“Overall, it is a attention-grabbing quantity that gives an important contribution to the literature on parasitoid bugs. It is going far towards supplying insights into a variety of elements of parasitoid habit and should stimulate a range of destiny initiatives, anything that are meant to be the target of this sort of textual content. I hugely suggest Wajnberg et al. for all of these engaged on the biology or evolution of parasitoids.” Palaios 2009
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Sample text
And Gambier, J. (2000) A natural flightless mutation in the ladybird, Harmonia axyridis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 96: 33–8. Tregenza, T. (1995) Building on the ideal free distribution. Advances in Ecological Research 26: 253 – 307. J. A. (1996) Interference and the ideal free distribution: oviposition in a parasitoid wasp. Behavioral Ecology 7: 387–94. K. D. (2004) Improved fitness of aphid parasitoids receiving resource subsidies. Ecology 85: 658 –66. qxd 03/09/2007 04:05PM Page 29 OPTIMAL FORAGING BEHAVIOR AND CONTROL METHODS 29 Ueno, T.
However, Lavandero et al. (2005) found that Diadegma semiclausum could be trapped at distances of 80 m from a source of floral nectar marked with rubidium. Nonetheless, there remains insufficient data from which to base any assessment of the necessary proximity of floral subsidies. Similarly, the question of how much floral nectar is needed to support a suitable population of parasitoids in an agricultural crop has yet to be addressed. However, these examples suggest that proximity might be more important than quantity and that, to reach to the middle of agricultural fields, floral subsidies may need to be integrated into a crop in the form of headland plantings or strips rather than being confined to perimeter plantings.
1997) Increased parasitization of California red scale in the field after exposing its parasitoid, Aphytis melinus, to a synthetic kairomone. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 82: 73 – 81. P. (1980) Foraging strategies, population models, and biological control: a case study. Journal of Animal Ecology 49: 603 – 28. P. (2000) The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host–Parasitoid Interactions. Oxford University Press, Oxford. P. M. (1973) Stability in insect host–parasitoid models. Journal of Animal Ecology 42: 693 – 726.