Chitosan for Biomaterials II by Rangasamy Jayakumar, M. Prabaharan, Riccardo A. A.

By Rangasamy Jayakumar, M. Prabaharan, Riccardo A. A. Muzzarelli

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Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug supply and Tissue Engineering

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Chitosan: A Promising Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

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Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue fix and Regeneration

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1 Quaternized Chitosan Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Amphiphilic Chitosan Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Chitosan-Based Hydrogels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Biomedical Applications of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Gene Delivery by Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives .

The substitution of these viral vectors by synthetic vectors made of polycationic polymers is an alternative way to protect the nucleic acids and to allow them to reach their therapeutic targets: the cytoplasm for siRNA or the nucleus for DNA. Chitosan is one of the most commonly studied polymers in nonviral gene delivery [106]. Indeed, its positive charges under slightly acidic conditions allow its interaction with nucleic acids such as DNA or siRNA and the condensation of the nucleic acids into nanoparticles.

Park et al. [102] designed an injectable cell delivery chitosan–Pluronic hydrogel for articular cartilage regeneration. The chitosan–Pluronic solution underwent a sol–gel transition at around 25  C. The chitosan–Pluronic hydrogel showed effective chondrocyte proliferation and promoted extracellular matrix expression compared with alginate hydrogel. Tan et al. [101] proposed a new class of biocompatible and biodegradable composite hydrogels derived from water-soluble chitosan and oxidized hyaluronic acid upon mixing, without the addition of a chemical crosslinking agent.

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