By Brian Ferguson, Guay Lim
This new ebook could be welcomed by means of econometricians and scholars of econometrics in all places. Introducing discrete time modelling ideas and bridging the distance among economics and econometric literature, this bold ebook is bound to be a useful source for all these to whom the phrases unit roots, cointegration and blunder correction varieties, chaos idea and random walks are recognisable if no longer but totally understood.
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Extra resources for Dynamic Economic Models in Discrete Time: Theory and Empirical Applications
Example text
E. a bigger negative number than) −1. e. is a negative number greater than 1 in absolute value), the system is unstable regardless of the value of the larger root. 42 Second-order difference equations Similarly, if the larger root is less than 1 the smaller root must also be less than 1, and if the smaller root is greater than −1 (so that if it is negative, it is a negative fraction) the larger root must also be greater than −1. If we think of 1 and −1 as being the upper and lower bounds of the unit circle, so long as the value of the larger root is less then the upper bound and, at the same time, the value of the smaller root is greater than the lower bound, the system must be stable.
72) says that this period’s discretionary government spending is adjusted, for fiscal policy purposes, to be proportional to the gap between full employment income (or some target based on beliefs about where full employment 26 First-order difference equations income is) and last period’s actual income. If the economy was at full employment last period, discretionary spending will equal zero, and if the economy was in an inflationary gap situation last period, with actual income above the full employment level, discretionary spending will be negative, which in a more detailed model would probably mean a combination of spending cuts and tax increases.
The presence of Yt and Yt−1 reflects what is known as a lagged adjustment effect, something which we will be dealing with in Chapter 7. For the moment, we finesse the issue by assuming that consumer income is constant over time, so that Yt = Yt−1 = Y0 . 85) is a SODE in P . 85) by substituting the demand–supply equality condition directly into the firm entry equation, it combines the information from all of the equations in the system; the presence of the γ term indicates this. It is a bit unfortunate that we have lost sight of the N term, and in Chapter 4 we shall deal with this issue.