By Klaus D. Sattler
In depth learn on fullerenes, nanoparticles, and quantum dots within the Nineteen Nineties resulted in curiosity in nanotubes and nanowires in next years. guide of Nanophysics: Nanotubes and Nanowires specializes in the basic physics and most recent functions of those vital nanoscale fabrics and constructions. each one peer-reviewed bankruptcy features a broad-based creation and complements knowing of the cutting-edge medical content material via primary equations and illustrations, a few in colour. This quantity first covers key points of carbon nanotubes, together with quantum and electron delivery, isotope engineering, and fluid stream, sooner than exploring inorganic nanotubes, equivalent to spinel oxide nanotubes, magnetic nanotubes, and self-assembled peptide nanostructures. It then specializes in germanium, gallium nitride, gold, polymer, and natural nanowires and their houses. The booklet additionally discusses nanowire arrays, nanorods, atomic wires, monatomic chains, ultrathin gold nanowires, and a number of other nanorings, together with superconducting, ferromagnetic, and quantum dot nanorings. Nanophysics brings jointly a number of disciplines to figure out the structural, digital, optical, and thermal habit of nanomaterials; electric and thermal conductivity; the forces among nanoscale items; and the transition among classical and quantum habit. Facilitating conversation throughout many disciplines, this landmark booklet encourages scientists with disparate pursuits to collaborate on interdisciplinary initiatives and contain the speculation and method of different parts into their paintings.
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Additional info for Handbook of Nanophysics: Nanotubes and Nanowires
Sample text
Hence, the fragments from the decomposition of ferrocene are sequent C–H, C, C2 and C3, and fi nally Fe. During the pyrolysis process, the Fe species serves as a catalyst and those hydrocarbons work as carbon sources. By increasing the temperature to 900°C, these hydrocarbon species and C clusters dissolve into the ion nanoparticles, diff use through them and precipitate and thus react with each other, promoting the growth of carbon tubular structures under the confi nement of DWNTs. 8 nm. Moreover, the formation of new nanotubes is strongly dependent on the amount of ferrocene encapsulated inside DWNTs and on the pyrolysis conditions.
Chem. , (10), 1092, 2007a. 22c. The growth of CNTs conforms to the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism (Gavillet et al. 2001). Firstly, ferrocene undergoes a decomposition to release a series of hydrocarbons and Fe species at temperatures over 500°C. Theoretical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the hydrogen atoms left the ferrocene first due to the weaker C–H bond (492 kJ/mol), and then the cyclopentadienyl ring with higher C–C bond energy (602 kJ/mol) started to break up, followed by the breakage of the C–Fe bonds (1480 kJ/mol) in combination with the remaining C–C bonds (Elihn and Larsson 2004).
2005). 25c is explained by the Coulomb interaction in a system composed of negatively charged carbon ions and positively charged potassium ions. 25 RBM of potassium-doped DWNTs for different doping steps (0, I, II, and III) excited by lasers of (a) 568 nm and (b) 676 nm. (c) G band shift of outer tubes and inner tubes of potassium-doped DWNTs for different doping steps excited with three different lasers. (Reproduced from Rauf, H. , Phys. Rev. B, 74(23), 235419, 2006. ) changed. At a higher doping level, the RBM of the semiconducting inner tubes starts to decrease.