By Y. Masuda
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Additional resources for Nanofabrication
Sample text
P. Hulme et al. , 2006) reported on a replica-moulding derived technique to pattern biological molecules, called biomolecular embossing, by which they were able to replica-mould DNA and then emboss it into poly(ethylene terephtalate). Similar approaches could prove very useful in tomorrow’s devices, because of the importance of biomolecules both in fabrication and in functional issues of nanoelectronic devices (hard lithography techniques typically can not be employed due to the fragility of these molecules).
They were 100-300 nm of in-plane size and 5-10 nm in thickness (Fig. 18b). Surface observation (Fig. 18a, 18b) and fractured cross section image (Fig. 18c) revealed morphology of the nano-sheets clearly. ITO/PET film with tin oxide nano-sheets were evaluated with XRD. It was similar to XRD pattern from ITO/PET film without deposition. Tin oxide surface coating was very thin and strong x-day diffraction peaks were not observed with XRD analyses. Crystal phase of surface coatings were evaluated with electron diffraction patterns which was built into TEM equipment as mentioned below.
The possible approaches to nanofabrication are commonly classified into top-down and bottom-up. The former involves carving small features into a suitable bulk material; in the latter, small objects assemble to form more complex and articulated structures. While the present technology of silicon has a chiefly top-down approach, bottom-up approaches are typical of the nanoscale world, being directly inspired by nature where molecules are assembled into supramolecular structures, up to tissues and organs.